fouriercn - Mathbox for Glauco Siliprandi

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Theorem fouriercn 40970

Description: If the derivative of 𝐹 is continuous, then the Fourier series for 𝐹 converges to 𝐹 everywhere and the hypothesis are simpler than those for the more general case of a piecewise smooth function ( see fourierd 40960 for a comparison). (Contributed by Glauco Siliprandi, 11-Dec-2019.)

**Hypotheses**
Ref	Expression
fouriercn.f	⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℝ)
fouriercn.t	⊢ 𝑇 = (2 · π)
fouriercn.per	⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 𝑇)) = (𝐹‘𝑥))
fouriercn.dv	⊢ (𝜑 → (ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
fouriercn.g	⊢ 𝐺 = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π))
fouriercn.x	⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ ℝ)
fouriercn.a	⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ₀ ↦ (∫(-π(,)π)((𝐹‘𝑥) · (cos‘(𝑛 · 𝑥))) d𝑥 / π))
fouriercn.b	⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (∫(-π(,)π)((𝐹‘𝑥) · (sin‘(𝑛 · 𝑥))) d𝑥 / π))

**Assertion**
Ref	Expression
fouriercn	⊢ (𝜑 → (((𝐴‘0) / 2) + Σ𝑛 ∈ ℕ (((𝐴‘𝑛) · (cos‘(𝑛 · 𝑋))) + ((𝐵‘𝑛) · (sin‘(𝑛 · 𝑋))))) = (𝐹‘𝑋))

Distinct variable groups: 𝑛,𝐹,𝑥 𝑥,𝐺 𝑥,𝑇 𝑛,𝑋,𝑥 𝜑,𝑥 Allowed substitution hints: 𝜑(𝑛) 𝐴(𝑥,𝑛) 𝐵(𝑥,𝑛) 𝑇(𝑛) 𝐺(𝑛)

**Proof of Theorem fouriercn**
Step	Hyp	Ref	Expression
1		fouriercn.f	. 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℝ)
2		fouriercn.t	. 2 ⊢ 𝑇 = (2 · π)
3		fouriercn.per	. 2 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → (𝐹‘(𝑥 + 𝑇)) = (𝐹‘𝑥))
4		fouriercn.g	. 2 ⊢ 𝐺 = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π))
5	4	dmeqi 5480	. . . . . 6 ⊢ dom 𝐺 = dom ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π))
6		ioossre 12448	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (-π(,)π) ⊆ ℝ
7		fouriercn.dv	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ (𝜑 → (ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
8		cncff 22917	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ) → (ℝ D 𝐹):ℝ⟶ℂ)
9		fdm 6212	. . . . . . . . 9 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹):ℝ⟶ℂ → dom (ℝ D 𝐹) = ℝ)
10	7, 8, 9	3syl 18	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝜑 → dom (ℝ D 𝐹) = ℝ)
11	6, 10	syl5sseqr 3795	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → (-π(,)π) ⊆ dom (ℝ D 𝐹))
12		ssdmres 5578	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((-π(,)π) ⊆ dom (ℝ D 𝐹) ↔ dom ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) = (-π(,)π))
13	11, 12	sylib 208	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → dom ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) = (-π(,)π))
14	5, 13	syl5eq 2806	. . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → dom 𝐺 = (-π(,)π))
15	14	difeq2d 3871	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((-π(,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) = ((-π(,)π) ∖ (-π(,)π)))
16		difid 4091	. . . 4 ⊢ ((-π(,)π) ∖ (-π(,)π)) = ∅
17	15, 16	syl6eq 2810	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((-π(,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) = ∅)
18		0fin 8355	. . 3 ⊢ ∅ ∈ Fin
19	17, 18	syl6eqel 2847	. 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((-π(,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) ∈ Fin)
20		rescncf 22921	. . . 4 ⊢ ((-π(,)π) ⊆ ℝ → ((ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ) → ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ∈ ((-π(,)π)–cn→ℂ)))
21	6, 7, 20	mpsyl 68	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ∈ ((-π(,)π)–cn→ℂ))
22	4	a1i 11	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)))
23	14	oveq1d 6829	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → (dom 𝐺–cn→ℂ) = ((-π(,)π)–cn→ℂ))
24	21, 22, 23	3eltr4d 2854	. 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐺 ∈ (dom 𝐺–cn→ℂ))
25		pire 24430	. . . . . 6 ⊢ π ∈ ℝ
26	25	renegcli 10554	. . . . 5 ⊢ -π ∈ ℝ
27	25	rexri 10309	. . . . 5 ⊢ π ∈ ℝ^*
28		icossre 12467	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((-π ∈ ℝ ∧ π ∈ ℝ^*) → (-π[,)π) ⊆ ℝ)
29	26, 27, 28	mp2an 710	. . . 4 ⊢ (-π[,)π) ⊆ ℝ
30		eldifi 3875	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ ((-π[,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) → 𝑥 ∈ (-π[,)π))
31	29, 30	sseldi 3742	. . 3 ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ ((-π[,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺) → 𝑥 ∈ ℝ)
32		limcresi 23868	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ⊆ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (𝑥(,)+∞))) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
33	4	reseq1i 5547	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) = (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞))
34		resres 5567	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (𝑥(,)+∞)))
35	33, 34	eqtr2i 2783	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (𝑥(,)+∞))) = (𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞))
36	35	oveq1i 6824	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (𝑥(,)+∞))) lim_ℂ 𝑥) = ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
37	32, 36	sseqtri 3778	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ⊆ ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
38	7	adantr 472	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → (ℝ D 𝐹) ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
39		simpr 479	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → 𝑥 ∈ ℝ)
40	38, 39	cnlimci 23872	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((ℝ D 𝐹)‘𝑥) ∈ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥))
41	37, 40	sseldi 3742	. . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((ℝ D 𝐹)‘𝑥) ∈ ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥))
42		ne0i 4064	. . . 4 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹)‘𝑥) ∈ ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) → ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
43	41, 42	syl 17	. . 3 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
44	31, 43	sylan2 492	. 2 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ((-π[,)π) ∖ dom 𝐺)) → ((𝐺 ↾ (𝑥(,)+∞)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
45		negpitopissre 24506	. . . 4 ⊢ (-π(,]π) ⊆ ℝ
46		eldifi 3875	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ ((-π(,]π) ∖ dom 𝐺) → 𝑥 ∈ (-π(,]π))
47	45, 46	sseldi 3742	. . 3 ⊢ (𝑥 ∈ ((-π(,]π) ∖ dom 𝐺) → 𝑥 ∈ ℝ)
48		limcresi 23868	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ⊆ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (-∞(,)𝑥))) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
49	4	reseq1i 5547	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) = (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥))
50		resres 5567	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ (-π(,)π)) ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) = ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (-∞(,)𝑥)))
51	49, 50	eqtr2i 2783	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (-∞(,)𝑥))) = (𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥))
52	51	oveq1i 6824	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹) ↾ ((-π(,)π) ∩ (-∞(,)𝑥))) lim_ℂ 𝑥) = ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
53	48, 52	sseqtri 3778	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((ℝ D 𝐹) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ⊆ ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥)
54	53, 40	sseldi 3742	. . . 4 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((ℝ D 𝐹)‘𝑥) ∈ ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥))
55		ne0i 4064	. . . 4 ⊢ (((ℝ D 𝐹)‘𝑥) ∈ ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) → ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
56	54, 55	syl 17	. . 3 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ℝ) → ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
57	47, 56	sylan2 492	. 2 ⊢ ((𝜑 ∧ 𝑥 ∈ ((-π(,]π) ∖ dom 𝐺)) → ((𝐺 ↾ (-∞(,)𝑥)) lim_ℂ 𝑥) ≠ ∅)
58		eqid 2760	. 2 ⊢ (topGen‘ran (,)) = (topGen‘ran (,))
59		ax-resscn 10205	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ ℝ ⊆ ℂ
60	59	a1i 11	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → ℝ ⊆ ℂ)
61	1, 60	fssd 6218	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℂ)
62		ssid 3765	. . . . . . . 8 ⊢ ℝ ⊆ ℝ
63	62	a1i 11	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (𝜑 → ℝ ⊆ ℝ)
64		dvcn 23903	. . . . . . 7 ⊢ (((ℝ ⊆ ℂ ∧ 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℂ ∧ ℝ ⊆ ℝ) ∧ dom (ℝ D 𝐹) = ℝ) → 𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
65	60, 61, 63, 10, 64	syl31anc 1480	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ))
66		cncffvrn 22922	. . . . . 6 ⊢ ((ℝ ⊆ ℂ ∧ 𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℂ)) → (𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℝ) ↔ 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℝ))
67	60, 65, 66	syl2anc 696	. . . . 5 ⊢ (𝜑 → (𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℝ) ↔ 𝐹:ℝ⟶ℝ))
68	1, 67	mpbird 247	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (ℝ–cn→ℝ))
69		eqid 2760	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (TopOpen‘ℂ_fld) = (TopOpen‘ℂ_fld)
70	69	tgioo2 22827	. . . . . 6 ⊢ (topGen‘ran (,)) = ((TopOpen‘ℂ_fld) ↾_t ℝ)
71	69, 70, 70	cncfcn 22933	. . . . 5 ⊢ ((ℝ ⊆ ℂ ∧ ℝ ⊆ ℂ) → (ℝ–cn→ℝ) = ((topGen‘ran (,)) Cn (topGen‘ran (,))))
72	60, 60, 71	syl2anc 696	. . . 4 ⊢ (𝜑 → (ℝ–cn→ℝ) = ((topGen‘ran (,)) Cn (topGen‘ran (,))))
73	68, 72	eleqtrd 2841	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ ((topGen‘ran (,)) Cn (topGen‘ran (,))))
74		fouriercn.x	. . 3 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝑋 ∈ ℝ)
75		uniretop 22787	. . . 4 ⊢ ℝ = ∪ (topGen‘ran (,))
76	75	cncnpi 21304	. . 3 ⊢ ((𝐹 ∈ ((topGen‘ran (,)) Cn (topGen‘ran (,))) ∧ 𝑋 ∈ ℝ) → 𝐹 ∈ (((topGen‘ran (,)) CnP (topGen‘ran (,)))‘𝑋))
77	73, 74, 76	syl2anc 696	. 2 ⊢ (𝜑 → 𝐹 ∈ (((topGen‘ran (,)) CnP (topGen‘ran (,)))‘𝑋))
78		fouriercn.a	. 2 ⊢ 𝐴 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ₀ ↦ (∫(-π(,)π)((𝐹‘𝑥) · (cos‘(𝑛 · 𝑥))) d𝑥 / π))
79		fouriercn.b	. 2 ⊢ 𝐵 = (𝑛 ∈ ℕ ↦ (∫(-π(,)π)((𝐹‘𝑥) · (sin‘(𝑛 · 𝑥))) d𝑥 / π))
80	1, 2, 3, 4, 19, 24, 44, 57, 58, 77, 78, 79	fouriercnp 40964	1 ⊢ (𝜑 → (((𝐴‘0) / 2) + Σ𝑛 ∈ ℕ (((𝐴‘𝑛) · (cos‘(𝑛 · 𝑋))) + ((𝐵‘𝑛) · (sin‘(𝑛 · 𝑋))))) = (𝐹‘𝑋))

Colors of variables: wff setvar class

Syntax hints: → wi 4 ↔ wb 196 ∧ wa 383 = wceq 1632 ∈ wcel 2139 ≠ wne 2932 ∖ cdif 3712 ∩ cin 3714 ⊆ wss 3715 ∅c0 4058 ↦ cmpt 4881 dom cdm 5266 ran crn 5267 ↾ cres 5268 ⟶wf 6045 ‘cfv 6049 (class class class)co 6814 Fincfn 8123 ℂcc 10146 ℝcr 10147 0cc0 10148 + caddc 10151 · cmul 10153 +∞cpnf 10283 -∞cmnf 10284 ℝ^*cxr 10285 -cneg 10479 / cdiv 10896 ℕcn 11232 2c2 11282 ℕ₀cn0 11504 (,)cioo 12388 (,]cioc 12389 [,)cico 12390 Σcsu 14635 sincsin 15013 cosccos 15014 πcpi 15016 TopOpenctopn 16304 topGenctg 16320 ℂ_fldccnfld 19968 Cn ccn 21250 CnP ccnp 21251 –cn→ccncf 22900 ∫citg 23606 lim_ℂ climc 23845 D cdv 23846

This theorem was proved from axioms: ax-mp 5 ax-1 6 ax-2 7 ax-3 8 ax-gen 1871 ax-4 1886 ax-5 1988 ax-6 2054 ax-7 2090 ax-8 2141 ax-9 2148 ax-10 2168 ax-11 2183 ax-12 2196 ax-13 2391 ax-ext 2740 ax-rep 4923 ax-sep 4933 ax-nul 4941 ax-pow 4992 ax-pr 5055 ax-un 7115 ax-inf2 8713 ax-cc 9469 ax-cnex 10204 ax-resscn 10205 ax-1cn 10206 ax-icn 10207 ax-addcl 10208 ax-addrcl 10209 ax-mulcl 10210 ax-mulrcl 10211 ax-mulcom 10212 ax-addass 10213 ax-mulass 10214 ax-distr 10215 ax-i2m1 10216 ax-1ne0 10217 ax-1rid 10218 ax-rnegex 10219 ax-rrecex 10220 ax-cnre 10221 ax-pre-lttri 10222 ax-pre-lttrn 10223 ax-pre-ltadd 10224 ax-pre-mulgt0 10225 ax-pre-sup 10226 ax-addf 10227 ax-mulf 10228

This theorem depends on definitions: df-bi 197 df-or 384 df-an 385 df-3or 1073 df-3an 1074 df-tru 1635 df-fal 1638 df-ex 1854 df-nf 1859 df-sb 2047 df-eu 2611 df-mo 2612 df-clab 2747 df-cleq 2753 df-clel 2756 df-nfc 2891 df-ne 2933 df-nel 3036 df-ral 3055 df-rex 3056 df-reu 3057 df-rmo 3058 df-rab 3059 df-v 3342 df-sbc 3577 df-csb 3675 df-dif 3718 df-un 3720 df-in 3722 df-ss 3729 df-pss 3731 df-nul 4059 df-if 4231 df-pw 4304 df-sn 4322 df-pr 4324 df-tp 4326 df-op 4328 df-uni 4589 df-int 4628 df-iun 4674 df-iin 4675 df-disj 4773 df-br 4805 df-opab 4865 df-mpt 4882 df-tr 4905 df-id 5174 df-eprel 5179 df-po 5187 df-so 5188 df-fr 5225 df-se 5226 df-we 5227 df-xp 5272 df-rel 5273 df-cnv 5274 df-co 5275 df-dm 5276 df-rn 5277 df-res 5278 df-ima 5279 df-pred 5841 df-ord 5887 df-on 5888 df-lim 5889 df-suc 5890 df-iota 6012 df-fun 6051 df-fn 6052 df-f 6053 df-f1 6054 df-fo 6055 df-f1o 6056 df-fv 6057 df-isom 6058 df-riota 6775 df-ov 6817 df-oprab 6818 df-mpt2 6819 df-of 7063 df-ofr 7064 df-om 7232 df-1st 7334 df-2nd 7335 df-supp 7465 df-wrecs 7577 df-recs 7638 df-rdg 7676 df-1o 7730 df-2o 7731 df-oadd 7734 df-omul 7735 df-er 7913 df-map 8027 df-pm 8028 df-ixp 8077 df-en 8124 df-dom 8125 df-sdom 8126 df-fin 8127 df-fsupp 8443 df-fi 8484 df-sup 8515 df-inf 8516 df-oi 8582 df-card 8975 df-acn 8978 df-cda 9202 df-pnf 10288 df-mnf 10289 df-xr 10290 df-ltxr 10291 df-le 10292 df-sub 10480 df-neg 10481 df-div 10897 df-nn 11233 df-2 11291 df-3 11292 df-4 11293 df-5 11294 df-6 11295 df-7 11296 df-8 11297 df-9 11298 df-n0 11505 df-xnn0 11576 df-z 11590 df-dec 11706 df-uz 11900 df-q 12002 df-rp 12046 df-xneg 12159 df-xadd 12160 df-xmul 12161 df-ioo 12392 df-ioc 12393 df-ico 12394 df-icc 12395 df-fz 12540 df-fzo 12680 df-fl 12807 df-mod 12883 df-seq 13016 df-exp 13075 df-fac 13275 df-bc 13304 df-hash 13332 df-shft 14026 df-cj 14058 df-re 14059 df-im 14060 df-sqrt 14194 df-abs 14195 df-limsup 14421 df-clim 14438 df-rlim 14439 df-sum 14636 df-ef 15017 df-sin 15019 df-cos 15020 df-pi 15022 df-struct 16081 df-ndx 16082 df-slot 16083 df-base 16085 df-sets 16086 df-ress 16087 df-plusg 16176 df-mulr 16177 df-starv 16178 df-sca 16179 df-vsca 16180 df-ip 16181 df-tset 16182 df-ple 16183 df-ds 16186 df-unif 16187 df-hom 16188 df-cco 16189 df-rest 16305 df-topn 16306 df-0g 16324 df-gsum 16325 df-topgen 16326 df-pt 16327 df-prds 16330 df-xrs 16384 df-qtop 16389 df-imas 16390 df-xps 16392 df-mre 16468 df-mrc 16469 df-acs 16471 df-mgm 17463 df-sgrp 17505 df-mnd 17516 df-submnd 17557 df-mulg 17762 df-cntz 17970 df-cmn 18415 df-psmet 19960 df-xmet 19961 df-met 19962 df-bl 19963 df-mopn 19964 df-fbas 19965 df-fg 19966 df-cnfld 19969 df-top 20921 df-topon 20938 df-topsp 20959 df-bases 20972 df-cld 21045 df-ntr 21046 df-cls 21047 df-nei 21124 df-lp 21162 df-perf 21163 df-cn 21253 df-cnp 21254 df-t1 21340 df-haus 21341 df-cmp 21412 df-tx 21587 df-hmeo 21780 df-fil 21871 df-fm 21963 df-flim 21964 df-flf 21965 df-xms 22346 df-ms 22347 df-tms 22348 df-cncf 22902 df-ovol 23453 df-vol 23454 df-mbf 23607 df-itg1 23608 df-itg2 23609 df-ibl 23610 df-itg 23611 df-0p 23656 df-ditg 23830 df-limc 23849 df-dv 23850

This theorem is referenced by: (None)

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